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The Islamic Terrorists of the Founding Era


Posted by LibertyCavalier on February 24, 2011

For those who believe that Islamic terrorists have just recently decided to wage war against America and other free nations, get ready to be blown away. This short history lesson will show how this battle has been waged since before America’s founding.

Enter the Barbary Powers Conflict, which began during the Revolutionary War, and resulted because four Islamic nations, Tunis, Morocco, Algiers, and Tripoli regularly pirated unarmed civilian and merchant ships of the United States and other countries who they claimed were “Christian” (meaning it was the state established religion) nations. This placed the young United States in a precarious situation since they still had no warships. Prior to the Revolutionary War, U.S. ships were protected by the British Navy and during the war they found safety on the seas courtesy of the French. With the Revolutionary War over and no naval force, the Barbary Powers would capture U.S. civilians and seamen, selling the men into slavery and looting their merchandise. [1]

As a result of these incessant senseless attacks, and due to the fact that the U.S. has no Navy or standing Army, the Congress, in 1784, commissioned John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson to speak with the Islamic terrorists. [2] Adams and Jefferson questioned the Ambassador from Tripoli and asked him why they were maliciously attacking the United States. They recorded:

The Ambassador answered us that it was founded on the laws of their Prophet [Mohammed] – that it was written in their Koran that all nations who should not have acknowledged their authority were sinners; that is was their right and duty to make war upon them wherever they could be found and to make slaves of all they could take as prisoners; and that every Musselman [Muslim] who should be slain in battle was sure to go to Paradise. [3]

A successful treaty was established with Morocco in 1786, but the other three nations continued pirating due to the admitted religious incentive to create war. [4] The U.S. followed a strategy of appeasement, and despite negotiating many treaties, as well as paying up to twenty percent of the federal budget in of tribute (official extortion) [5], the terrorism continued. When Thomas Jefferson became President he rejected the failed policy of appeasement and stopped making extortion payments. This prompted Tripoli to officially declare war on the U.S. in 1801, the first official war for the fledgling nation. [6] Congress authorized President Jefferson to send armed vessels and a battle ensued until 1805, after which a peace treaty ended the First Barbary War.

However, by 1807, Algiers was pirating once again, and because Jefferson and the nation was focused on the preliminaries to the War of 1812, the U.S. couldn’t respond until 1815. After the war with Britain, President Madison sent warships and the military against Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli. The American fleet defeated Algiers, but while a peace treaty was ratified in July 1815, Algiers revoked the treaty once the U.S. fleet left for Tunis. Only after the warships of Great Britain and the Netherlands descended upon Algiers did they sign a new peace treaty. [7] Finally, after thirty-two years of conflict America’s First War on Terror was over.

There are significant lessons to be learned from the Founding Fathers, even on the subject of terrorism. From the very beginning of its inception, Islam has flourished at the hand of the sword. That trend continued during the founding, and still exists today. As a result of this, with the Muslims who believe in the jihad of Islam, appeasement does not work. Jefferson was right, force will be necessary to repel the forces which intend to enslave and subvert. He wrote, “I very early thought it would be best to effect a peace through the medium of war.” [8]

As Christians, we should continue to pray for those who subscribe to the Islamic ideology. A powerful example of this in action is how Francis Scott Key befriended John Randolph of Virginia. Randolph testified that he was pulled “in favor of Mahomedianism [Islam].” Key gently shared the Gospel with Randolph, and he came to accept Christ [9], despite his prior “natural repugnance to Christianity.” [10] Incidentally, Randolph went on to be a stalwart advocate for his faith. [11] Force will be necessary to fend off the attacks from Islamic radicals, but as far as seeing to a change in their ideology and worldview, we must pray that their eyes will open to the truth.

As Noah Webster said, “Let us reject the spirit of making proselytes to particular creeds by any other means than persuasion.” [12]

References

[1] A General View of the Rise, Progress, and Brilliant Achievements of the American Navy, Down to the Present Time (Brooklyn, 1828), pp. 70-71

[2] Thomas Jefferson, The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Andrew A. Lipscomb & Albert Ellery Bergh, editors (Washington, D. C.: The Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association, 1903), Vol. V, p. 195, to William Carmichael, November 4, 1785.

[3] Thomas Jefferson, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Julian P. Boyd, editor (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954), Vol. 9, p. 358, Report of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams to John Jay, March 28, 1786.

[4] Avalon Project, Treaty with Morocco June 28 and July 15, 1786, (Yale Law School) (at http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/bar1786t.asp).

[5] Wikipedia, “First Barbary War” (at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Barbary_War).

[6] “Treaty Between the United States and Tripoli” (at http://www.usconstitution.net/tripoli.html).

[7] British State Papers (London: James Ridgway and Sons, London, 1977), Vol. 3, p. 516, “Declaration of the Dey of Algiers, relative to the Abolition of Christian Slavery,” August 28, 1816.

[8] Jefferson, Writings, Vol. V, p. 364, to John Adams, July 11, 1786.

[9] Garland, Life of John Randolph, Vol. II, pp. 87-88, in a letter from Francis Scott Key, May-June 1816; pp. 99-100, Randolph’s letter to Francis Scott Key, September 7, 1818; pp. 103-104, Key’s letter to Randolph; 106-107, Key’s reply to Randolph’s letter of May 3, 1819; and pp. 108-109, Key’s reply to Randolph’s letter of August 8, 1819.

[10] Garland, Life of John Randolph, Vol. II, p. 100, to Dr. Brockenbrough, September 25, 1818.

[11] Garland, Life of John Randolph, Vol. II, pp. 99-100, from a letter to Francis Scott Key, September 7, 1818; pp. 100-102, from a letter to Dr. Brockenbrough, September 25, 1818; p. 106, from a letter to Francis Scott Key, May 3, 1819; pp. 107-109, from a letter to Francis Scott Key, August 22, 1819; pp. 373-374.

[12] Noah Webster, An Oration Pronounced Before The Citizens of New-Haven On The Anniversary Of The Independence Of The United States, July 4, 1798 (New-Haven: T. and S. Green, 1798), p. 13.

Posted on 24 Feb 11 by Liberty Cavalier blog

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